Geochemistry and Mineralization of Some Selected Pegmatite Deposits in Panda North Central, Nigeria
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Pegmatite constitutes an important lithologic unit in the Precambrian Basement Complex of Panda north central Nigeria. The primary aim of this study is to present a geochemical data of various rock types in the area especially pegmatite in order to determine their geochemical classification and mineralization potential of some selected pegmatite deposits in the area. Geochemical analysis reveals that the pegmatite samples have high SiO2 content; 73.8-94.8 wt%, low Na2O/K2O ratio suggesting they are strongly peralkaline and peraluminous, indicating that the pegmatite may have formed from mixed plutonic sources. The discrimination diagram of TiO2 versus SiO2 shows that the samples plotted on both igneous and sedimentary field, but majorly on the igneous field which is an implication that substantial material may have been generated from igneous sources. Also the plotting of the pegmatite samples in both the tholeiitic and calc-alkaline fields shows that the magma from which the rock was formed was not totally restricted in occurrence only to subduction related environment but also from the oceanic crust of calc-alkaline environments. This is further confirmed by discrimination diagrams plot of TiO2-K2O-P2O which indicates that substantial samples plotted fall within the continental crust. High potash content alkalies with relative Fe-enrichment and silica suggest the plutonic generation of magma and the development of the rocks in both the oceanic and continental crust. Major elements analysis of both the granitic rock aplite and biotite gneiss shows moderately high silica values. These values reflect the geochemical characteristic of crystalline rocks. The pegmatite of the study area exhibits low contents of Nb, Ta, Ga, Rb and Sn which are the major mineralization indices for pegmatite bodies. In classifying the pegmatites, rare metal indicative elements were used to discriminate the barren ones from the mineralized. A plot of Ta-Ga reveals that all the samples plotted are below the boundary of mineralization line, suggesting all the pegmatite samples in the study area to be barren in term of rare earth metals and can be compared to other pegmatite bodies in Nigeria and around the world.
Downloads
References
-
G. M. Best, “Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology”. CBS Publ. & Distr.New Delhi, India, 1981, pp 630.
Google Scholar
1
-
J. A. Kinnaird, “Contrasting Styles of Sn-Nb-Ta-Zn Mineralisation in Nigeria”, Journal African Earth. Sciences, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 81 – 90.1984.
Google Scholar
2
-
P. Bowden, and J.A. Kinnaird, “Geology and mineralization of the Nigerian anorogenic ring complexes”. Geol.Jb. B56, pp 3-65, 1984.
Google Scholar
3
-
G. Matheis, “Nigeria Rare-metal pegmatites and their lithological framework”, Geological Journal Vol.22. pp 221-287., 1987.
Google Scholar
4
-
J.B.Wright, “Fracture Systems in Nigeria and Initiation of Fracture Zones in the South Atlantic”, Tectonophysics, Vol. 34, pp. 743- 747. 1976.
Google Scholar
5
-
R. Jacobson, and J. S. Webb, “The Pegmatite of Central Nigeria”,Geological Survey of Nigeria Bulletin, Vol. 17, 61pp. 1946.
Google Scholar
6
-
D. C. Turner, “Upper Proterozoic Schist Belts in the Nigerian Sector of the Pan-African Province of West Africa” Precambr. Res., Vol. 21, pp. 55 -79. 1983.
Google Scholar
7
-
R. Black, “The Pan African event in the geological framework of Africa”, Pangea 2, pp 6-16, 1984.
Google Scholar
8
-
D. Kuster, “Rare-Metal Pegmatites of Wamba, Central Nigeria-their Formation in Relationship to Late Pan-African Granites”, Mineral Deposita, Vol. 25, pp. 25-33. 1990.
Google Scholar
9
-
I. Garba, “Geochemical discrimination of Newly Discovered Rare Metal Bearing and Barren Pegmatites in the Pan African 600 ± 150 Ma Basement of Northern Nigeria”, Applied Earth Science Transaction Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, No. 13, Vol. 112, pp. 287-292. 2003.
Google Scholar
10
-
C. Raeburn, “The Tinfields of Nasarawa and Ilorin Provinces”, Geological Survey of Nigeria, Bull. 5, pp1-64. 1924.
Google Scholar
11
-
G. Matheis, and M. Caen-Vachette, “Rb-Sr isotopic study of rare-metal-bearing and barren pegmatites in the Pan-African reactivation zone of Nigeria”. Journal of African Earth Sciences pp 34-40.1981.
Google Scholar
12
-
O.A Okunlola, “Metallogeny of Tantalite-Niobium Mineralization of Precambrian pegmatites of Nigeria”. Mineral wealth; 104/2005. pp 38-50, 2005.
Google Scholar
13
-
I.Y. Tanko, M. Adam and P.D. Dambring, “Mode of Emplacement of the Pegmatites of Keffi Area, North Central Nigeria”. International Journal of Scientific 7 Technology Research, Vol. 4, Issue 4. Pp 214-229. 2015.
Google Scholar
14
-
I.Y. Tanko, “Petrogenesis and mineralization of the pegmatites of Keffi Area, North Central Nigeria”, An Unpublished thesis of the University of Mines and Technology Tarkwa Ghana, Department of Geological Engineering.2014.
Google Scholar
15
-
S. S. Dada, “Proterozoic Evolution of Nigeria”, In: The Basement Complex of Nigeria and its Mineral Resources (Oshin O. ed.), A Symposium organized to mark the 60th birthday of Prof. M. A. O. Rahaman, held at the Conference Centre, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile – Ife, Nigeria, May 6th 2006, pp. 29-44.
Google Scholar
16
-
K. G. Cox, G. D. Bell, and R. J. Pankhurst,“The Interpretation of Igneous Rocks”, George, Allen and Unwen, London. 1979, pp 20-36.
Google Scholar
17
-
R. M. Garrels and F. T. Mackenzie, “Evolution of Igneous and Sedimentary Rocks”, W.W. Norton and Company, Inc. New York, N.Y. 1971. pp394.
Google Scholar
18
-
J. Tarney, in “The Early Precambrian of Scotland and Related Rocks of Greenland eds Park, R.G. & Tarney J. 1971, pp105 (University of Keele, 1973).
Google Scholar
19
-
T.N. Irvine and W.R.A., Baragar, “A Guid to the Chemical Classification of the common Volcanic Rocks”. Cabadian Journal of Earth Science, Vol. 8, pp 523-548, 1971.
Google Scholar
20
-
J. A., Pearce, N. B. W., Harris, A. G. Tindle, “Trace Element Discrimination Diagram for the Tectonic Interpretation of Granitic Rocks”, Journal of Petrology, Vol. 22, pp. 956-983. 1984.
Google Scholar
21
-
A. Miyashiro, “Metamorphic Petrology”, Oxford University, Oxford, UK, 1974
Google Scholar
22
-
P.D. Maniar and P.M. Piccoli, “Tectonic discrimination of granitoids”. Geological Society of America Bulletin101, pp. 635-643. 1989.
Google Scholar
23
-
A. J. R. White and B. W. Chappell, “Ultrametamorphism and Granite Genesis", Tectonophysics, Vol. 43, pp. 7 – 22. 1979.
Google Scholar
24
-
B.E. John and J. Wooden, “Petrology and geochemistry of the metaluminous to peraluminous Chemehuevi Mountains Plutonic suite, Southeastern Clifornia” In: Anderson, J.L. (eds) The Nature and Origin of Cordileran Magmatism..Geological Society of America, Memoir 174,1990. pp 71-98.
Google Scholar
25
-
A. A. Beus “Distribution of Tantalum and Niobium in Muscovites of Granitic Pegmatites” Geokhimiya, No.10. pp. 1216-1220. 1966.
Google Scholar
26
-
J. I. D. Adekeye, and O. F. Akintola, “Geochemical Features of Rare Metal Pegmatites in Nasarawa Area, Central Nigeria‖”, Journal of Mining and Geology, Vol. 43, No. 1, pp. 15-21, 2007.
Google Scholar
27
-
A.A. Elueze, “Mineralogy and chemical nature of meta-ultramafites in Nigeria schist belts, Migeria”. Journal of Mining and Geology, 19, pp, 21-29. 1982.
Google Scholar
28
-
A.I. Akintola, P.R. Ikhan, O.A. Okunnlola, G.O. Akintola and O.O. Oyebolu, “Compositional features of precambrain pegmatites of Ago-Iwoye area South Western Nigeria”. Journal of ecology and natural environment, Vol. 4(3). pp 71-87. 2011, belts. Journal of mining and Geology 18. pp 31-36, 1981.
Google Scholar
29
-
O.A. Okunlola and E.B. Somarin, “Compositional features of Precambrian pegmatites of Itakpe area, central Nigeria”. Global Journal of geological society.Vol.4 (2). pp 221-230, 2005.
Google Scholar
30
-
P Moller, and G. Morteani, “Geochemical exploration guide for tantalum pegmatites”. Economic Geology, Vol. 42. Pp 1885- 1897. 1987.
Google Scholar
31
Most read articles by the same author(s)
-
I. Y. Tanko,
K. Dzigbodi-Adjimah,
Geochemistry and Petrogenetic Relationships Between Pegmatites and Host Rocks in the Keffi Area, North Central, Nigeria , European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research: Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
Similar Articles
- Olumide Adewole Towoju, Ademola A. Dare, Samson K. Fashogbon, Experimental investigation of the performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine equipped with a modified truncated cone piston crown operated on diesel and shea-butter biodiesel , European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research: Vol. 3 No. 10: OCTOBER 2018
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.