HOMER Analysis of the Feasibility of Solar Power for GSM Base Transceiver Stations Located in Rural Areas

  • Eko James Akpama 
  • Godwin Ukam Uno 


Abstract Views
2358

Downloads
487

Citations

Share

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##

Submitted May 15, 2019
Published Jul 19, 2019
10.24018/ejeng.2019.4.7.1339

Abstract viewed = 2358 times

Table of Contents

##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##

The recent explosion in the deployment of cellular networks across the globe has brought two very pertinent issues to the forefront of academic and technical discuss: the energy cost of running the networks, and the associated environmental impact. Cellular networks have made the greatest impact in developing countries where availability of electric power is mostly unreliable. Telecommunication networks on the other hand, are critical infrastructures which require assured power 24/7, and this power is provided at very great financial cost and damaging exchanges with the environment. In all, renewable energy technology appears to hold the most reliable solution to this lingering impasse. The authors in this paper used the HOMER® software to access or demonstrate the feasibility of deploying solar PV in providing power for BTS in rural areas as a long term solution to the near absence of grid electricity in rural areas.

 

Keywords: Base Transceiver Station HOMER Chiller Insolation Renewable Energy Cellular Networks OPEX

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

  1. Ashok J.; Bhaskar R.; Sriram N.; Janani R.; Sneha R. Powering Cellular Base Stations; A Quantitative Analysis of Energy Options, 2017, Telecom Center of Excellence, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras.
     Google Scholar
  2. Nigerian Communications Commission Report; Facts and Figures – Nigeria’s Telecom Industry Up to 2012. The Communicator, 2018, www.ncc.gov.ng/communicator.
     Google Scholar
  3. National Bureau of Statistics Report on Telecommunication Penetration 2013, www.nbs.gov.ng
     Google Scholar
  4. Digital Inclusion and the Role of Mobile in Nigeria, GSMA Report, October 2015.
     Google Scholar
  5. Dike U. I.; Anthony U. A.; Ademola A. Analysis Of Telecom Base Stations Powered By Solar Energy, International Journal Of Scientific & Technology Research Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2014 ISSN 2277-8616.
     Google Scholar
  6. Uno G. U.; Ogar V. N.; Akpama E. J. Solar Energy Potential for Remote Community Electricity Supply; A Case Study of Sankwala Solar Power in Cross River state, IOSR Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, e. ISSN:2278-16676. P. ISSN:2320-3331, Vol.14, Issue 2, pp 32-36.
     Google Scholar
  7. Habib, S.L.; Idris, N.A.; Ladan, M.J.; Mohammad, A.G. Unlocking Nigeria’s Solar PV and CSP Potentials for Sustainable Electricity Development. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research Volume 3, Issue 5, May-2012.
     Google Scholar
  8. Olatomiwa, L.; Mekhilef, S.; Huda, A.; Sanusi, K. Techno-economic Analysis of Hybrid PV-Diesel-Battery and PV-Wind-Diesel-Battery Power Systems for Mobile BTS; The Way Forward for Rural Development. Energy Science and Engineering, 2015, 3, 271 – 285.
     Google Scholar
  9. Kassam, A. HOMER Software Training Guide for Renewable Energy Base Station Design. GSMA Green Power for Mobile Resources [online], 2008; http://www.gsmworld.com/green power/A. Kassam.
     Google Scholar
  10. Ikponmwosa, O.; Olawale, S.; Adedayo, B.A; Dickson, E.; Kenechi, A. V. Solar Energy Potential And Its Development For Sustainable Energy Generation In Nigeria: A Road Map To Achieving This Feat. International Journal of Engineering and Management Sciences, Vol. 5(2) 2014; 61-67.
     Google Scholar
  11. Oji J. O.; Idusuyi N.; Aliu T. O.; Petinrin M. O.; Odejobi O. A.; Adetunji A. R. Utilization of Solar Energy for Power Generation in Nigeria. International Journal of Energy Engineering 2012, 2(2): 54-59 DOI: 10.5923/j.ijee.20120202.07
     Google Scholar
  12. Hasan, Z.; Boostanimehr, H.; Bhargava, V. K. Green Cellular Networks: A Survey, Some Research Issues and Challenges. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 2011, 13, 524 – 540
     Google Scholar
  13. H. Bogucka and O. Holland. Multi-Layer Approach to Future Green Mobile Communications, IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 28-37, 2013.
     Google Scholar
  14. Leonardo, G.; Meo, M.; Marsan, M. A. Markovian Models of Solar Power Supply for LTE macro BS. In Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Conference on Communication (ICC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, 23 – 27 May 2016; pp1 – 7.
     Google Scholar
  15. Nnaji, C.E.; Uzoma, C.C. and Chukwu, J.O. The Role of Renewable Energy Resources in Poverty Alleviation and Sustainable Development in Nigeria, Continental Journal of Social Sciences vol 3: pp31 - 37, 2010 ISSN: 2141 – 4265, 2010.
     Google Scholar
  16. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, “Getting Started Guide for HOMER version 2.1”, 2005.
     Google Scholar
  17. Renewable Energy Master Plan, Energy Commission of Nigeria, November, 2005.
     Google Scholar
  18. Jamiu A. A.; Rafiu O. Y.; Michael O. A.; Lukuman A. J.; Jacob A. S. Air Quality Impact of Diesel Back-Up Generators (BUGs) in Nigeria’s Mobile Telecommunication Base Transceiver Stations (BTS), Management of Environmental Quality; An International Journal; Vol. 28 Issue: 5, pp 723 – 744.
     Google Scholar
  19. Auer, G.; Giannini, V.; Desset, C.; Godor, I.; Skillermark, P.; Olsson, M. How Much Energy Is Needed to Run a Wireless Network? IEEE Wireless Communication. 2011, 18, 40–49. [CrossRef]
     Google Scholar
  20. Alsharif, M.H. A Solar Energy Solution for Sustainable Third Generation Mobile Networks. Energies, vol.10, no.4 p429, 2017.
     Google Scholar
  21. Anayochukwu, A. V.; Nnene, E. A. Simulation and Optimization of Hybrid Diesel Power Generation System for GSM Base Station Site in Nigeria. Electronic Journal of Energy and Environment 2013, 1, 37–56. [CrossRef]
     Google Scholar